| 3 | |
| Summary | Gut microbes (currently unknown members) affect chlorogenic acid's metabolic processing. |
| Gut | |
| chlorogenic acid (PubChem CID: 1794427) | |
| unknown | |
| 12771329 | |
| affect metabolic processing | |
| The gut microbiota metabolize chlorogenic acid into 3- hydroxy cinnamic acid and 3-(hydroxyl phenyl) propionic acid which are subject to phase II conjugation followed by excretion in urine. In absence of gut microbiota, chlorogenic acid is metabolized to benzoic acid, which in turn is conjugated with glycine to yield hippuric acid. This has been verified by the absence of these metabolites upon administration of antibiotics and in germ-free rats. Gonthier et al reported that the bioavailability of chlorogenic relies on its metabolism by the gut microbiota. Variation in the concentrations of chlorogenic acid metabolites was found among rat population. H1NMR spectroscopy showed that an elevated concentration of the metabolites in urine was accompanied by low hippuric acid concentration in a rat subpopulation that is similar in terms of species, genetic background and conditions of maintenance to the other group of rats (Gavaghan et al, 2001). This observation suggests a difference in gut microbiota composition between the two rat populations. Based on the results retrieved by Gonthier et al, the elevated concentration of the metabolites will result in turn in increased bioavailability and thereby augmented efficacy. |
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